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- Henry Ford left
- the family farm
- in Dearborn at
- the age of 17 to
- become a motor
- mechanic in
- Detroit. Although
- he subsequently
- returned to the
- farm (where he
- made his first gas
- engine), his
- dream of building
- an automobile
- drew him back
- to the city
- #
- In 1893 Ford
- built a "gasoline
- buggy" in his
- spare time. It was
- capable of 25 mph.
- By 1896 he had
- developed it
- further, and 50
- years later he
- posed with his
- wife in the
- improved version
- #
- Ford's ambition
- was to make an
- car which
- everyone could
- afford. After
- disagreements
- with his first
- partners (who did
- not share his
- ambition), he set
- up his own firm,
- the Ford Motor
- Company, in 1903
- #
- The car that
- made Ford's
- name and
- gave him a place
- in history was
- the Model T,
- launched in 1908.
- It was the first to
- be built on an
- assembly line.
- Over 15 million
- had been rolled
- off the line by
- the time it ceased
- production in 1927
- #
- By the early
- Twenties Ford
- was the largest
- motor manu-
- facturer in the
- USA, producing
- over two million
- vehicles in 1924.
- The huge sums of
- money which
- Ford made from
- cars attracted
- comment
- @
- By 1923 the Ford
- company was
- building more
- than 40,000 cars
- a year in Britain.
- And Henry Ford
- was already
- looking beyond
- Europe for
- further expansion
- #
- In the early
- Thirties Ford
- opened a factory
- on reclaimed
- marshland in
- Dagenham, east of
- London. Unlike
- modern factories,
- it performed the
- complete manu-
- facturing process,
- from basic raw
- materials to
- finished cars -
- with an output of
- two per minute
- #
- Tax laws made the
- Model A Ford
- (successor to the
- Model T) almost
- unsaleable in
- Britain. So Ford
- produced the
- Model Y, a less
- powerful auto
- designed for
- the narrow,
- congested roads
- of Europe.
- Ruthless cost-
- cutting brought
- its price down to
- £100 in 1935
- @
- Many Americans
- hoped Ford would
- bring his business
- gifts to the
- presidency in
- 1924. But Ford's
- anti-semitic
- views cast a
- shadow over his
- campaign, and
- eventually he
- decided not to
- seek nomination
- #
- In his sales pitch,
- Ford was the
- friend of the
- working man. But
- as an employer
- he remained a
- despot: all his life
- he fought to
- remove from his
- factories what he
- called the "iron
- collar" of trade
- unionism
- #
- Ford thought his
- industrial methods
- pointed the way
- for society at
- large. On the
- centennial of
- his birth, his
- philosophy was
- an anachronism.
- Yet 30 years
- later his hatred
- of government
- intervention in
- all commerce
- and of organized
- labor) seemed
- curiously up-to-
- the-minute
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